History of stock market
The idea of multi-criticism led to the birth of a new profession is the exchange has been focused in appearance (550) in the republics of Venice and the Italian Kjnop until the capital-intensive as a result of up to trade with the Middle and summoned by the presence of persons to dubbed Palmsrven.
Then occupied the city (Bruges) at the beginning of the fourteenth century the first position with respect to market cash where she was gathering the six largest families working in the field of money exchange house ((van der P)) to study the process of selling and buying goods and then write insurance policies in addition to all What is relevant to the sale and purchase money,
Thus, and because of the name of Mr. P came from French word Bors any cash market securities.
The historians in 1339 as a year where he was born the concept of stock market where Mr. (P) receives the business and private representatives of the bankers of Italy who have been confined to their responsibility to accept deposits and grant loans only to historians of economics saw the city of Antwerp French as the first market reviews in every sense of the word where attributing her subject the resolution, has been considered as the main center for all types of international trade and especially the spice trade between the eastern and western world.
However, the history of stock market talk back to the seventeenth century, when it established the Amsterdam Stock Exchange and raised the IPO by the public ((the company's shares World East India)) and succeeded the idea and managed a large number of young savers to contribute in a large project and such an important project and later become stocks and bonds, commodities like other goods traded by the merchants and may They were holding their meetings at the outset on the sidewalks of the streets or cafes, and then later moving into the buildings of their own meet inside for the exchange of the sale and purchase transactions between them was launched on these buildings, the name of the stock market.
Valborsp are regulated markets, which open and close at certain hours of the day and deal with sellers and buyers at the financial instruments of long-term where they are being exchanged the instruments of venture capital to be invested where it is a market place where the deals, sales and purchase of securities .
Stock Exchange and is a measure of the temperature state of the economy the stock market in general refers to development and to the case of the production sector in the economy.
It has become possible to think of is the subject of private industrial development and economy without a public joint stock companies and a special stock exchange system.
If the traffic through the stock exchange is necessary, unavoidable for many of the establishments and companies to raise capital needed for investment required for the expansion of the already existing investment.
Stock market is especially special operations in special locations bought and sold them through intermediaries, an institution dedicated to making practical arrangements and technical requirements for trading on the values transmitted, in order to provide services is to facilitate the transactions between brokers stock market, and the promotion of trading securities in the stock market.
Privacy of the stock market compared with other markets
Where they are in the stock market traded goods do not see and most importantly the deal on the same controlled supply and demand which changing in constantly during working hours due to the stock exchange and it is natural to be affected by stock market unlike other markets statements and political transformations taking place in the views and information and data emerging, and ends the working day In the stock market the existence of a fixed price so the price predictions of the effects directly to determine the final price, and that this will affect other markets.
Thus, the movement and change the cursor point out the possibility of progress in the economy or normal within the next month with some of the differences and the differences from reality.
The specificities of other stock exchange transactions that are held for the (long term) ... since it is possible for us to sell on the stock exchange goods we do not have, but rather entail publicly purchased later, before the date of delivery, and in such case the seller or the buyer either to cancel or Recognizes the shares subject of the deal, or even to withdraw from the process a final payment of a fine concrete.
Therefore, the stock market is a fertile ground for speculation of all measurements and sizes, but he is determined to remain within the limits allowed.
Of the most important goals which it was established stock exchange the following:
* allow the institutions of public and private sector organization in the shares of companies with open capital to the public.
* evaluation of the companies through the market.
* secure financing through public savings.
* Allow liquid savings invested in the long run.
* Achieving greater transparency and dedication to the principle of kinetic cash (liquidity and capital movements) and an investment-saving and profit and loss.
States that there are three types of exchanges:
1 - Exchange of work: a meeting place in the meetings of workers where they offer a variety of services.
2 - Commodity Exchange: Also called Stock Exchange trade, a place which sold materials and goods of any strategic core products (cotton, wheat, sugar .......... etc.) in bulk, where the deal on the basis of samples of the products has Product is sold several times, which is determined by domestic and international prices for these products.
3 - transported Stock Exchange (shares and bonds): the prevailing common now, and represents most of the financial market in the world, the place where transactions occur on stocks and bonds, gold and hard currency through intermediaries. And each has its own stock exchange index measured by transactions and for each indicator in his own way in the account, such as: (Dow Jones - Nasdaq - Nikkei - Vinncl Times - CAC 40 - DAX ....... etc.).
The most important international stock markets
following the most important stock exchanges in the world at all, given the size of the deal, as well as their impact on the economy, trade and market trading in international stock markets:
1 - New York Stock Exchange, or "Wall Street": It was called Stock Exchange on Wall Street, the proportion of the street located where New York's Wall Street, representing the stock market for about 50% of the national production of U.S. crude, which manages all of the U.S. economy, representing Dow Jones DAW JONES Representative companies Great (DJIA) and NASDAQ as well as the representative to the sectors of technology and information and communication NASDAQ prevailing in the most important indicators of circulation, and this exchange of the oldest stock exchanges, which started from the global economic crisis in 1929.
2 - Tokyo Stock Exchange: or Exchange Kabutosho (Kabuto-cho) ratio to the name of the street located inside it, too, have been developed, according to statistics in 1990 was ranked first globally in terms of trading volume which has come up to ($ 3 billion) or 40% of the total trading World, a figure very large as a market for 130% of the national production of raw Japanese.
3 - Hon Kong Stock Exchange, London Stock Exchange, Paris, Frankfurt and other international stock markets.
4 - Cairo Stock Exchange: Almertip occupies the first Arab world, including their experience in this field as the oldest Arab bourse, is to the Palestinian stock market, the most important and most active Arab stock exchanges.
What do we mean stocks and bonds?
Can not imagine the stock market without trading, and can not be traded without stocks and bonds, what we mean by it?
* Shares: Stock Exchange guide them know that one of two types of securities traded and accepted by the Stock Exchange in the Department for Nzak official pricing. Valshm is a securities exporter by a company with shares representative of the share of the capital, and that they can issue many types of stocks vary depending on the rights and privileges given by the Foundation for the owner of these types of stocks, such as: the right to vote - the right to dividends at the end of the year - Priority in the payment
Items listed securities on the Stock Exchange
A system of pricing securities registered on the stock exchange, and are classified into three (3):
1 - contributing papers: namely, those issued by the representative of the part of the capital of the issuing company, such as: stocks, investment certificates, etc. .....
2 - Securities Borrowing: the recognition of debt issued by the Issuer entered into such as: Treasury bills, bonds, institutions, commercial paper ........ etc..
3 - Derivative Securities: a through securities are often basic rights on such securities, such as: futures, etc. ....... subscription rights.
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